Quality of life Scenario Essay

PART ONE Medical-Surgical Cases 2. What is the rationale for changing the method of administering furosemide? [c] M.G. is fl uid overloaded and needs to decrease fl uid volume in a short period. IV administration is delivered directly into the vascular system, where it can start to work immediately. In HF, blood fl ow to the entire GI system is compromised; therefore the absorption of orally ingested medications may be variable and take longer to work. 3. You administer furosemide 80 mg IVP. Identify three parameters you would use to monitor the effectiveness of this medication. [k] †¢ Daily weight †¢ I&O †¢ Decreased dependent edema †¢ Decreased SOB, decreased crackles in the bases of the lungs, and possibly decreased O2 demands †¢ Decreased JVD 4. What laboratory tests should be ordered for M.G. related to (R/T) the order for furosemide? [c] Furosemide 80 mg is a potent diuretic, which may cause the loss of potassium and magnesium. These 2 electrolytes are important in maintaining a stable heart rhythm. These electrolytes will need to be supplemented if the levels are low. âÅ" ½ Note: Most HF admissions are R/T fl uid volume overload. Patients who do not require intensive care monitoring can most often be treated initially with IVP diuretics, O2, and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors. 5. How do ACE inhibitors help in HF? [k] ACE inhibitors prevent the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor. This results in systemic vasodilation, thereby reducing preload (reducing the volume of blood entering the left ventricle) and afterload (reducing the resistance to the left ventricular contraction) in patients in HF. âÅ" ½ Instructor Note: You could tell the students that the most frequent side  effect of ACE inhibitors is a persistent, nonproductive cough. The intensity of the symptoms tends to be dose related; the higher the dose, the more intense the cough. An important alternative medication is an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB), often called â€Å"an ACE without a cough.† Mosby items and derived items  © 2009, 2005 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. 3  chapter 1 Cardiovascular Disorders Case Study 1 6. M.G.’s symptoms improve with IV diuretics. She is ordered back on oral furosemide once her weight loss is deemed adequate to achieve a euvolemic state. What will determine if the oral dose will be adequate to consider her for discharge? [k] It is critical to help the primary care provider assess whether the change from IV to oral diuretics can maintain a stable weight. One of the fl uid management goals for patients in HF is to maintain a target weight. This is done by monitoring daily morning weight, keeping an accurate I&O, and recording subjective symptoms. 7. M.G. is ready for discharge. What key management concepts should be taught to prevent relapse and another admission? âÅ" ½ Hint: Use the mnemonic MAWDS. [k] The most essential aspect of teaching hospitalized patients without overloading them is to focus on realistic key points. Teaching should be aimed at tips to improve symptoms and prevent readmission. The 5 most important concepts for patients with HF are included in MAWDS instructions. Medications: Take as directed, do not skip a dose, and do not run out of medications. Activity: Stay as active as you can while limiting your symptoms. Weight: Weigh every morning. Call if you gain or lose 2 pounds overnight or 5 pounds from your target weight. Diet: Follow a low-salt diet and limit fl uids to less than 2 quarts or liters per day. Symptoms: Know what symptoms to report to your provider; report early to prevent readmission. Mosby items and derived items  © 2009, 2005 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.

Deception Point Page 3

He clucked ruefully. â€Å"Thirty-four. Almost an old maid. You know by the time I was thirty-four, I'd already-â€Å" â€Å"Married Mom and screwed the neighbor?† The words came out louder than Rachel had intended, her voice hanging naked in an ill-timed lull. Diners nearby glanced over. Senator Sexton's eyes flash-froze, two ice-crystals boring into her. â€Å"You watch yourself, young lady.† Rachel headed for the door. No, you watch yourself, senator. 2 The three men sat in silence inside their ThermaTech storm tent. Outside, an icy wind buffeted the shelter, threatening to tear it from its moorings. None of the men took notice; each had seen situations far more threatening than this one. Their tent was stark white, pitched in a shallow depression, out of sight. Their communication devices, transport, and weapons were all state-of-the-art. The group leader was code-named Delta-One. He was muscular and lithe with eyes as desolate as the topography on which he was stationed. The military chronograph on Delta-One's wrist emitted a sharp beep. The sound coincided in perfect unison with beeps emitted from the chronographs worn by the other two men. Another thirty minutes had passed. It was time. Again. Reflexively, Delta-One left his two partners and stepped outside into the darkness and pounding wind. He scanned the moonlit horizon with infrared binoculars. As always, he focused on the structure. It was a thousand meters away – an enormous and unlikely edifice rising from the barren terrain. He and his team had been watching it for ten days now, since its construction. Delta-One had no doubt that the information inside would change the world. Lives already had been lost to protect it. At the moment, everything looked quiet outside the structure. The true test, however, was what was happening inside. Delta-One reentered the tent and addressed his two fellow soldiers. â€Å"Time for a flyby.† Both men nodded. The taller of them, Delta-Two, opened a laptop computer and turned it on. Positioning himself in front of the screen, Delta-Two placed his hand on a mechanical joystick and gave it a short jerk. A thousand meters away, hidden deep within the building, a surveillance robot the size of a mosquito received his transmission and sprang to life. 3 Rachel Sexton was still steaming as she drove her white Integra up Leesburg Highway. The bare maples of the Falls Church foothills rose stark against a crisp March sky, but the peaceful setting did little to calm her anger. Her father's recent surge in the polls should have endowed him with a modicum of confident grace, and yet it seemed only to fuel his self-importance. The man's deceit was doubly painful because he was the only immediate family Rachel had left. Rachel's mother had died three years ago, a devastating loss whose emotional scars still raked at Rachel's heart. Rachel's only solace was knowing that the death, with ironic compassion, had liberated her mother from a deep despair over a miserable marriage to the senator. Rachel's pager beeped again, pulling her thoughts back to the road in front of her. The incoming message was the same. – RPRT DIRNRO STAT – Report to the director of NRO stat. She sighed. I'm coming, for God's sake! With rising uncertainty, Rachel drove to her usual exit, turned onto the private access road, and rolled to a stop at the heavily armed sentry booth. This was 14225 Leesburg Highway, one of the most secretive addresses in the country. While the guard scanned her car for bugs, Rachel gazed out at the mammoth structure in the distance. The one-million-square-foot complex sat majestically on sixty-eight forested acres just outside D.C. in Fairfax, Virginia. The building's facade was a bastion of one-way glass that reflected the army of satellite dishes, antennas, and rayodomes on the surrounding grounds, doubling their already awe-inspiring numbers. Two minutes later, Rachel had parked and crossed the manicured grounds to the main entrance, where a carved granite sign announced NATIONAL RECONNAISSANCE OFFICE (NRO) The two armed Marines flanking the bulletproof revolving door stared straight ahead as Rachel passed between them. She felt the same sensation she always felt as she pushed through these doors†¦ that she was entering the belly of a sleeping giant. Inside the vaulted lobby, Rachel sensed the faint echoes of hushed conversations all around her, as if the words were sifting down from the offices above. An enormous tiled mosaic proclaimed the NRO directive: ENABLING U.S. GLOBAL INFORMATION SUPERIORITY, DURING PEACE AND THROUGH WAR. The walls here were lined with massive photographs – rocket launches, submarine christenings, intercept installations – towering achievements that could be celebrated only within these walls. Now, as always, Rachel felt the problems of the outside world fading behind her. She was entering the shadow world. A world where the problems thundered in like freight trains, and the solutions were meted out with barely a whisper. As Rachel approached the final checkpoint, she wondered what kind of problem had caused her pager to ring twice in the last thirty minutes. â€Å"Good morning, Ms. Sexton.† The guard smiled as she approached the steel doorway. Rachel returned the smile as the guard held out a tiny swab for Rachel to take. â€Å"You know the drill,† he said. Rachel took the hermetically sealed cotton swab and removed the plastic covering. Then she placed it in her mouth like a thermometer. She held it under her tongue for two seconds. Then, leaning forward, she allowed the guard to remove it. The guard inserted the moistened swab into a slit in a machine behind him. The machine took four seconds to confirm the DNA sequences in Rachel's saliva. Then a monitor flickered on, displaying Rachel's photo and security clearance. The guard winked. â€Å"Looks like you're still you.† He pulled the used swab from the machine and dropped it through an opening, where it was instantly incinerated. â€Å"Have a good one.† He pressed a button and the huge steel doors swung open. As Rachel made her way into the maze of bustling corridors beyond, she was amazed that even after six years here she was still daunted by the colossal scope of this operation. The agency encompassed six other U.S. installations, employed over ten thousand agents, and had operating costs of over $10 billion per year. In total secrecy, the NRO built and maintained an astonishing arsenal of cutting-edge spy technologies: worldwide electronic intercepts; spy satellites; silent, embedded relay chips in telecomm products; even a global naval-recon network known as Classic Wizard, a secret web of 1,456 hydrophones mounted on seafloors around the world, capable of monitoring ship movements anywhere on the globe. NRO technologies not only helped the United States win military conflicts, but they provided an endless stream of peacetime data to agencies such as the CIA, NSA, and Department of Defense, helping them thwart terrorism, locate crimes against the environment, and give policymakers the data needed to make informed decisions on an enormous array of topics. Rachel worked here as a â€Å"gister.† Gisting, or data reduction, required analyzing complex reports and distilling their essence or â€Å"gist† into concise, single-page briefs. Rachel had proven herself a natural. All those years of cutting through my father's bullshit, she thought. Rachel now held the NRO's premier gisting post-intelligence liaison to the White House. She was responsible for sifting through the NRO's daily intelligence reports, deciding which stories were relevant to the President, distilling those reports into single-page briefs, and then forwarding the synopsized material to the President's National Security Adviser. In NRO-speak, Rachel Sexton â€Å"manufactured finished product and serviced the customer.†

An Industry View of the Organic Baby Food Market Essay

â€Å"The organic niche for baby-food processors and retailers may continue to be a window of opportunity for increasing sales in an otherwise stagnant industry. † There are limited studies done on the organic baby food niche, but it is proven by many studies that its popularity and market share continue to grow at a double digit rate when compared to conventional baby food products. * Organic baby products averaged around 7. 7% total market share in 2010, and expected to be 10. 9% by 2014. * Growth is partially contributed to the expanding sector of consumers buying only organic products. * It is important to note that Individual manufactures and retailers are never again expected to achieve growth rate like that in recent years (since 2000) due to the saturation and leveling of the market. A growing number of baby food consumers are realizing the benefits of organics over conventional counterparts, and are in most cases willing to pay a premium for organic products. However; being organic or not organic has yet to become a major determinate in making baby food purchasing decisions. * The most important factor influencing the decision to purchase organic vs. conventional remains nutrition. Organic or not organic comes in a very distant 4th according to a study done by Bond, Thilmany, and Bond. * The same study concluded that although most people are willing to pay a premium for organic baby food, it is not considered to be a dominate purchasing factor. * On the other hand, when looking specifically at consumers who purchase only organic food, organic baby food is among the most popular items purchased. Illustrations below produced by Agriculture and Agri-Food of Canada show that per capita dollars spent on organic baby food and the compound annual growth rate for organic baby food is second only to organic ice cream. With the increasing number reputable companies starting to produce organic baby food, reliance on â€Å"trendy† advertising, product innovation & development, SEO, a constant effort to educate consumer awareness, and acquiring shelf space everywhere possible is recommended to stay competitive. * Eating at home and eating healthy are important trends that are likely to increase demand for organic foods in general. * The misconception that organic food is only accessible and purchased by wealthier consumers is fading. Organic products are still considered to be a niche market, but organic packaged food has increasingly penetrated mass market grocery retailers such as Wal-Mart and Whole Foods. * On-line sales will continue to increase as people become more connected and comfortable with technology. Especially true for the next generation of mothers who are already experts in convenience and on-line shopping. Continue to focus on developing your e-commerce capabilities. * The organic food retail industry is highly fragmented and comprised of many small local and regional chains. Focusing on expanding into these stores will allow you access to additional locations; therefore increasing brand recognition and influence on consumer decisions. * Develop relations with suppliers. Major competitors manufacturing organic baby food include: * Earth’s Best- Gerber. * Hain Celestial Group – Happy Family * Happy Baby- Kamut International More at http://www. theorganicpages. com Bottom line; with the national influx of local health food stores and the expanding selection available at grocery stores and boutiques, organic baby food should provide for a steady market increase in the years to come. People are increasingly requesting organic products, and like most adopted trends, these parents will pass on their buying habits to their children who will also become devoted patrons. The key to long term success will be to stay on top of your industry. This includes aggressive marketing strategies, developing good business relations with you suppliers and retailers, and actually understanding what your consumers want rather than telling them what they want.   [ 1 ]. Demand for Organic and Conventional Baby Food – Victoria S. LeBeaux, James E. Epperson, Chnng L. Hnang (March 1, 2009) [ 2 ]. Agriculture and Agri-Food of Canada [ 3 ]. Demand for Organic and Conventional Baby Food – Batte et al. (2007) [ 4 ]. Datamonitor, Whole Foods Market, Inc Market Profile.

LBSMK 2004 SERVICES MARKETING personal evaluation project (PEP) Literature review

LBSMK 2004 SERVICES MARKETING personal evaluation project (PEP) - Literature review Example Yet, the causes of such dissatisfaction are varied and extensive. The concept of â€Å"satisfaction gaps† emerged from marketing research, which is the difference between customer expectations and their corresponding experience. This paper will attempt to propose a solution to such gap in a marketing-related problem of a service establishment. 2.0. Critical Analysis of the Issue and Literature Review 2.1. The Problem For the purpose of anonymity and confidentiality dictated by research ethics, the business establishment which will be discussed in this paper will be called simply as Company X (Bryman and Bell 2007). Company X is a technology service company whose specialisation is laptop, desktop and cellular phone repair. It was established in 2000 and is located in Eastern-Central Britain. The establishment showed good performance in its first three years of operation. This was mainly the reason why Company X was sub-contracted by a Northern European mobile phone company in 2 004 to serve its clientele in the geographic area covered by Company X, for repair and replacement of parts, if necessary. Subcontracting with the mobile phone company lifted the spirits of both management and technicians. The technicians performed well and helped generate both revenue and more patrons for Company X. Mobile phones which were already off-guarantee period were still being brought by former customers mainly because of their prompt service and technical know-how. Things went well for Company X that its sub-contracting functions with the mobile company was renewed for three-consecutive years. In 2008, a laptop and desktop manufacturer based in the North America commissioned Company X as one of its official service centres. Management was ecstatic. Its 10 best technicians were offered training packages to further hone their skills while the remaining 22 technicians were left to attend to the service needs of their growing clientele. Management promised that the rest of th e technicians will also attend training in two batches after the 10 have returned to resume their tasks. While the company operated for only 12 hours each day, technicians worked in three eight-hour shifts, or seven technicians per shift. When job orders increased to levels where the technicians can no longer put-up with the deadlines they set for completion of the service requests, management opted for overtime with pay instead of hiring new technicians. The rationale volunteered by management is that hiring new technicians will not ensure that deadlines will be met since they would not be sure if the applicants can deliver up to management expectations by simply looking at their resumes. With an additional sub-contracting project and fewer technicians to work on repair orders, problems started to surface. To date, absenteeism became rampant. Patrons are starting to be dissatisfied with the service jobs they requested. Technicians who used to be accommodating and interacted with cu stomers with a smile have turned grumpy. Customers have aired their complaints with customer service. The mobile company had threatened not to renew their contract if the customer service issues will not be addressed. In the operation manager’s latest quarterly report, revenue for the last month dropped by 40% of the previous six

European Political Economy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

European Political Economy - Essay Example For the purpose of research, I have used and analysed many literature reviews. The Lisbon Treaty was initially introduced to increase the coherence and the consistency of the external actions of the European Union. (The Lisbon Treaty) According to Langenhove (2008), the need for a treaty was felt after the last two enlargement processes of the EU in 2004 and 2007, whereby the member states increased from 15 to 27. The treaty consists of certain reforms that are aimed at making the European Union more democratic and efficient. The structural reforms of the EU, as Langenhove (2008) relates, consist of a new means of quantitative majority voting, a better distinction between the different competencies and an increased role for the national parliaments in the process of the co-decision when it comes to trading policies. Also it includes the idea that the European countries would be able to select their own president for the European Council. Lisbon Treaty is expected to affect the economic integration of the member states of the European Union. The external trade policy is one economic aspect that the treaty focuses on. According to Woolcock (2008) the external trade policy after the treaty would no longer be decided by mixed agreements or the individual national parliaments. Rather it would be a part of the EU’s external actions. The treaty also brings all the key aspects of the trade policy under the EU competence which means that the commission would be responsible for all the trade related policies. This power in the past was under the national parliaments. Woolcock (2008) argues that this would lead the member states to have unanimous decisions over the economic policies. The inclusion of the Foreign Direct Investment in the EU competence is also one of the major steps taken in the Lisbon Treaty which ensures that the member states will have a comprehensive approach to the trade and investment in the world

Why open-source software will (or will not) soon dominate the field of Essay

Why open-source software will (or will not) soon dominate the field of database management tools - Essay Example Open source software, unlike the proprietary software such as Oracle or Microsoft SQL, is free with only costs coming in for maintenance. This has far reaching implications that many people may not see. For instance, the fact that open source software are free means that newer and upcoming businesses will not likely opt this option be4caseu they are not able to buy the highly expensive products such as Oracle. Buying proprietary database management systems such as oracle requires businesses to write very big checks and this is a hindrance. As the new businesses adopt open source software, they end up being so used to it by the time they have enough money to invest in a proprietary DBMS such as oracle. In such a case, the cost of transferring from open source software can be prohibitive to such businesses and they opt to stay with this option. Opponents of the argument for open source software may argue that in the long run the open source software is not as free (or cheap) as it promises. But as much as this is true, the truth is that it is very affordable in the introduction part and many startup businesses find it easier to use this as opposed to using the proprietary software. A good example is facebook.com which in its original days was just an online social site developed by a university student. Needless to say, in its original days, facebook.com could not have managed to buy DBMS from a big vendor such as Microsoft or Oracle but had to use MySQL which it uses up to today. While facebook.com is now a multibillion firm which can easily buy a DBMS from a reputable vendor, the cost of transferring is almost prohibitive, and since the MySQL platform is also a relatively good one, the firm has proudly stayed on. This is just one example and many small firms will continue to use open source and stay with it even after th ey grow big. The other thing which will make open source to continue reigning is the issue of bugs.

How Executive Females Sustain their positions Research Paper

How Executive Females Sustain their positions - Research Paper Example Rather the fact is that women of European and American countries also face gender discrimination in almost all fields of life. In this paper, we will discuss the challenges that female executive face when trying to sustain their positions. The paper will also include the methods or techniques that females executives use to sustain their positions which they reach as the result of their commitment, hard work, and dedication. Challenges for Female Executives Female executives come across many challenges in their struggle towards reaching a higher position in the firm where they work (Wipperman, 2010). Their experience of gender discrimination starts even before they are actually hired for any particular position and continues till the last day of their job. For example, they face gender discrimination during recruitment process when HR executives prefer to hire male employees rather than females. The reason behind this is that HR executives consider male employees more productive and d edicated as compared to females employees. Therefore, most of the times they reject women’s job application at the earliest stages of recruitment without any logical reason. And even if a female gets a chance to work for some company, she faces discrimination at every stage of her progress towards higher ranks. For example, in cases where a female and a male employee are in the seniority list and the time occurs to promote one of them to the next rank, the HR department usually promotes the male candidate even when the performance of the female candidate is better than her male colleague. These examples show that female employees face severe discrimination at almost every stage of their job life. A very little percentage of women get the chance to attain higher positions in companies where they work (Francls & Penrose, 2011). Experiencing a male-dominated work culture and getting suitable promotions is not easy for female employees (Berneke & Strella, n.d.). Some of the main challenges that female executives face in sustaining their job positions include external male pressure, balancing work with family, and the need to show skills required for higher positions. Let us discuss these challenges in some detail, as well as the ways female executive employees overcome these challenges. External Male Pressure One of the main challenges that female executives face is the external make pressure. External male pressure refers to the overall male dominant job politics which is aimed towards bringing men forward in every job position. Although such politics is mainly played between male employees to snatch each other’s positions to reach higher ranks, but when a female employee reaches a top position by chance, then all efforts are geared towards getting the position back from that employee because the general perception in the minds of men is that higher positions are only for males and that women are not supposed to run organizational system. To deal wi th such situations, female executives usually show more commitment and dedication with their assigned roles in order to show that they are well-suited for their current positions, as well as to convince higher authorities that they can carry out their job responsibilities effectively. It has been noted that women at higher positions have more positive job attitude and are more sincere with the job work as compared to men. The reason behind this is that women are more caring and responsible by nature and when some big

Hitler's table talk Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Hitler's table talk - Term Paper Example In fact, he viewed Europe as a racial entity not a political entity. He praised the diligence and ingeniousness of the Germans. He disliked the French, the English and the Russians. He, however, expressed his respect for the English. He equally respects the Italians, attributing the success of the National Socialism in Germany to the Fascist success in Italy. The English were proud yet incapable of creative inventions. His dislike for the Russians was apparent. He considered the Russians as lazy people, who are not motivated to work. Russians are not capable of doing anything good. If at all, some good came out of a Russian, it is due to the â€Å"Aryan blood in his vain† (Cameron and Stevens 4). He dislikes Russians but dreamt of conquering Russia to acquire the wealth of St. Petersburg. He planned to colonize Russia by employing soldier-peasants as the Colonial Masters. He desired the Eastern Europe, with Russia and Ukraine as the main targets, his lands of conquest. He has no objective of going outside Europe to colonize other races. He was determined to crush any resistance from the Russians. He also dreamt of colonizing the Ukraine by using soldier-peasants and the Baltic states by employing the Dutch, Norwegians and the Swedes.. Once colonized, he will turn Ukraine into an agricultural country that will provide raw materials for the expanding German industries. He also has the same plan for Rumania. In fact, his plan was that Rumania, also an eastern European country, should stop any form of industrialization, and focus on directing the wealth of her soil to German industrial growth and in return, Germany will supply Rumania finished products. Furthermore, the Russians will be denied education. They are to remain illiterate. His plan was to make Eastern Europe reliant on Germany industry. In fact, he planned was to prevent military and economic power from rising in any country that is east of Germany. This was mainly a military strategy, which will prevent Germany’s western military rival from allying with military powers east of Germany. This will secure Germany position. The book also shows Adolf Hitler’s perception of the German people. He loves Germany. Germans are superior to any race. The Germans are hardworking people. German scientists dominated the American scientific community. Furthermore, he believed that the German Army was technically the best in the world, better than the English Army. He based his claim on the historical fact that two out of the three wars of annihilation, Cannae, Sedan and Tannenberg, where fought by the German Army. He planned to improve that military record by adding the conquest of Russian, Poland and Western Europe to the historical list of wars of annihilation. He praised the initiative of the German military as against the lack of initiative that exist with the German civil administration. He was not opposed to mistakes in so far as they yield long-term positive results. I n his opinion, mistakes are inevitable and those in charge should take responsibility. The German civil administration, according to Hitler was overloaded, lack initiative and over- organized. He attributed the lack of initiative with fear of making mistakes. Indeed, he compared the English administrative style in India with the one in Germany. While the English governed successful a hundred and fifty million people with a hundred and forty-five thousand men, the

Regional Impact of the Arab Defeat in 1967 War Essay

Regional Impact of the Arab Defeat in 1967 War - Essay Example As a result multiple wars have been fought till date. These wars are not limited to one particular neighbor, rather all the major regional states have had a share of conflict and war with Israel. The 1967 Arab Israel war was part of the same hostile environment between the regional states who did not accept one another’s dominance. Keywords: Jewish settlements, 1973 war, diplomatic breakthrough, liberation movements. 1967 Arab Israel War: The war that fought over a period of Six days (Morgan, 2008, 195) was significant on multiple accounts. It had an impact on the contemporary political affairs as well as the future of Middle East. It was based on the animosity and hostility towards one another that had been in breeding for long. The major players of this war were Israel on one end, Egypt, Jordan and Syria as the Arab states on other (Robbers, 2006, 466). It not only allowed determination of power control in that phase of history, but also led to future determinations, wars, s ettlements, and political strength and say of each state against other in the continuous battle of supremacy in the region. Brief background of the war: There were number of events that led to the war, and it was not an event based on the immediate military offensive against one another rather the scope and reasons behind the war stretched to political, social, and territorial. Several years before the 1967 war, small battles and confrontations had taken place, this along with the establishment of the guerilla styled armed groups who were to launch undeclared offensives against Israel in different ways. In the same capacity the outcome of the war was not just accomplishment of edge over the enemy in one domain rather multiple faceted impact based outcome. Participant states: Israel, Egypt, Jordan and Syria constituted the major players of the war. Causes of the war: The causes of the war stretched from short term to long term hostilities and numerous political maneuvers against one another. Apart from the periodic territorial aggrandizements as alleged by different parities, the core point of content held against each other was that of 1948 settlements and establishment of the Jewish state. No Arab states had recognized Israel as a legitimate state and as a result of it did not engage itself in any political or diplomatic activity. In the preceding years after the 1948 settlements, the issues rose on individual and bilateral level between each state, with issues arising between Israel and Egypt first, followed by Israel and Jordan and the continuous issues with Palestine and other neighbors. The issue of Waterways usage: Israel and Egypt were locked into dispute over the control and dominance over the waterways, being paralleled in to territories and waterways connecting them, the two aimed to use the water sources to maximum benefit. Israel and Egypt were engaged in an accord in 1949 over the case of Suez Canal and other adjoining areas (Kohn, 2006, 29), thro ugh this agreement a mid way retreat was established, however over period of time, both parties blamed one another for the violations and disruption of the agreements settled in the 50s and 60s decade. The occurrence of the war took place at a time period when United Nations monitoring units would complete the mission. Alleged cross border infiltration and usage of the friendly states against Israel was a point of concern as well that can be termed as a precipitating factor of the 1967 war. This included the infiltration of Palestinians and other undercover groups into Jordan and Syria where its border areas were allegedly used against Israel for various offensives. Despite being a multiple force and multiple armies, Arab states were of no match against the Israel forces

Quality and Environmental Management Systems Report Essay

Quality and Environmental Management Systems Report - Essay Example 241), and both in turn will enhance customer loyalty. Studies prove that quality is the most vital element to gain customer loyalty (Dora et al 2013). From an organisational perceptive, QMS ensures the effective utilization of available resources so that it can deliver the product/service at optimum price. The term, ‘resources’ in this regard refers to raw-materials, human resources, technology, information etc. It is advisable for Timmerhus UK Ltd to set up a comprehensive system that involves Quality Management System (QMS) and Environmental Management System (EMS) in order to address the current business issues. Studies indicate that ISOÂ  certified companies have already improved their project performance (Din et al 2011), (Olaru et al 2010). It is clear from the case study that the firm has been facing problems with delivery, product quality, supply chain, income management, and many more. This indicates that the firm has not been utilising any of its resources in a proper way. Continuous improvement is the basic element of quality management. ... It begins with identifying an opportunity and plan for change (plan), and in the second phase, the plan is implemented on a small scale (Do). Then the result of the program is assessed to determine if it brought a positive difference (Check). Finally, the plan is implemented on a wider scale if the result was satisfactory (Act). Other methods include Six Sigma, Taguchi Methods, Statistical Process Control, Lean Method etc. However, in the given case, the firm does not currently have any quality management system, and it is only a mid-size growing firm. The Lean System of quality management, which involves Just-in-time (JIT) management, Supply chain and process considerations, and the Kanban System seems relevant to the context. Toyota Production System (TPS) is one of the trendiest Lean Manufacturing Systems which is mainly based on four principles. They are; 1) all works including sequence, timing, and outcome must be completely specified, 2) every customer-supplier connection must be direct, 3) pathway for every service and product must be simple and direct, and 4) any improvement to the system must be made in accordance with the scientific method, under the guidance of a teacher, at the lowest possible organisational level (Slide: Lean System). Timmerhus must follow (TPS) system of management in order to meet its objectives in the long run. The firm’s current business involves projects, engineering customer-specific products, delivering finished products or spare parts, and providing industrial services. Hence, following a Lean System is more applicable, for ‘Lean’ is a combination of lightness and liveliness, and it offers several alternative control methods at the

The different and similarities the ideological position by the main Essay

The different and similarities the ideological position by the main candidates in the city of Toronto election for Mayor (2014) - Essay Example He proposed that they shall be kept below the rate of inflation to reduce the cost of owning residential property. On the other hand, he proposes a steeper increase of commercial taxes as compared to residential property so as to reduce the ratio between commercial taxes and residential taxes (Peat 2014). Olivia chow another favorite contestant intended to keep the tax rates of residential property pegged on the rate of inflation such that they are either slightly higher, lower or in line as compared to the increases or decreases in the inflation rates. Her policies on property tax favor small businessmen as she intended to decrease the rates of taxes for these businesses by a total of 2.5% by the year 2020 (Peat 2014). This she believed would service as an incentive for more people to join the market. Just like his fellow contestants for the seat John, Doug Ford promised to ensure that the residential property taxes are maintained at a level below the comparative fluctuations of the rate of inflation (Peat 2014). All the three main candidates aimed to reduce the amount of taxes that residential property pay to make them more affordable to home owners and tenants. John Tory and Doug Ford planed to adopt the exact same policy of keeping the rates lower than the comparative rate of inflation at any given time. The Policies of Olivia chow are almost similar in that she also intended to use the inflation rate at the yardstick to determine the rate of tax for residential property (Peat 2014). The only difference is that she did not promise to keep increases in the rates strictly below the relative increases in inflation rates. She said the changes in the rate could be above or below the changes on the rate of inflation but by a very small margin (Peat 2014). Another difference in Olivia`s policies manifested in her plans for boosting small businesses by progressively decreasing the taxes required from them (toronto mayoral election promise tracker

Development of Movements and Its Importance in the Life of a Child Essay Example for Free

Development of Movements and Its Importance in the Life of a Child Essay The world of Man cannot be imagined without movement. Life is indicated by movement. In animal/bird/fish life we can realise that immobility is impossible. Even those classified as immovable (plant life) manifest their life by movement. The human kingdom isolates itself from other non-human living beings by their capacity to work which is possible only by directed movements. There is movement in every area of human work-personal care, care of the environment, social behaviour, intellectual work etc. When we consider the Child as part of the human family we need to consider the importance of movement in his Life and Development. Movement in the human body In the general development of the human being we can see the role of the brain, the senses and the muscles. Among these the muscles are the ones which execute the movements. These movements can be considered as voluntary when they are controlled by the brain. This control is made possible by the senses feeding the brain or intelligence with the right messages. When these capacities work in co-operation, the last stage remains with the muscles which make the movements. Movement thus becomes the last part that completes the cycle of thought says Dr. Montessori. This co-ordination creates the unique characteristic of Man namely WORK possible. Movement is a mode of human expression. Animals too express themselves by their movements. Dr. Montessori asks Can we ignore this fact in Man? Movement becomes a system of healthy relationship with Mans environment (establish, maintain and restore conditions). We see the importance of movement without which no expression is possible(sign language, body language, writing, etc). Mans aspiration at the highest level is that of spiritual perfection. Dr. Montessori asks Is that enough? Can Man be selfish? Does he not circulate his experiences and thereby express them? Movement should occupy the place of a servant of the whole life and the spiritual economy of the world. Mental life and development depends very heavily on sensesdevelopment of speech on hearing and observation and understanding depends on the sight. This co-ordination of the brain and the senses has to be made in the very beginning. Then and only then can there be any human expression. Dr. Montessori says Here is a very good reason why Nature keeps the human being very immobile during infancy; when the co-ordination starts Nature gives the human being the facility for locomotion. In a child we see movement/work as a manifestation of the development of the mind. While he acts on the direction of the intelligence there is an extension in the understanding. Scientific observation shows that intelligence is developed through movement; movement helps psychic development. Again Movement has a great contribution to offer in the conquest of language which is one of the most fundamental conquests to be made by the psyche of the child. When the child performs work it becomes a co-ordination of the brain, senses and muscles. In Man, the mechanism of grace is not evident at birth but has to be created by physical experiences working at the environment, done with co-ordination. None of this co-ordination is established at birth. But there is a wide possibility of movements. The variety of movements is immense-massive to minute (ballerinagymnast). Dr. Montessori calls it harmonised opposition. The child is endowed with the capacity or potentiality to co-ordinate these movements. Man has a great diversity in skill in action but must create it by will, subconsciously or voluntarily. The combination of the brain, the senses, and the muscles in collaboration with emotional and social development can lead one to what we term grace. The variety is created by the human being himself and therefore he can decide which ones to develop. But there is a price to pay. He has to work at it repeatedly to obtain that versatility. Because of this factor, the capacities vary from person to person. This individuality is very easily seen in the human beings. The muscles are too numerous for all to be exercised; but there is a certain number of exercises below which it is dangerous for psychical life to go on. The human being may also perish. We need to remember that, when a person trains on very large gross movements the mind also remains so. When he works on more refined movements the psychic capacity also becomes more refined. It has also been proved that the quality of possible movements of a person has a close relationship to the quality of mental capacities. Development of human movement Man shares the characteristics of mammals by having four limbs. Mammals develop all the four limbs simultaneously and according to the species the form and function vary. They are predetermined. Among the mammals Man is an example of developing the limbs two at a time. The form and the functions are different. Considering the development of the legs and feet we can see them from three different points of view. †¢ Biological Stand on two feet †¢ Physiological Balance and walk †¢ Anatomical Keeping whole feet on the ground The legs have a task of gaining and maintaining equilibrium. Biological guidance for the development of feet, to put the whole foot down in order to get the equilibrium is given by Nature. We can identify four steps in the process. SitRollStand with support (Stand without support) Walk with help (Walk without help) The logic of Nature seems to be to stand upright, walk and become steady and move to take part in the life around. This indeed is a great achievement of independence on the part of the human being but very predictable. Walking as a human conquest made by the child is proclaimed as not only an achievement made at the physical level but also as booster for the most necessary ingredient in human life and developmentself confidence and self reliance. This is recognised by the modern psychologists. It throws open varied scope for mental activities also. The other two limbs meaning the hands seem to have a different method of development. In the history of evolution we see a great landmark when the thumb starts acting against the fingers and not along the same direction as seen in earlier rungs of the ladder of evolution. Hands depend, for their development, not only on the psyche but also on the psychical life of different epoches in time in different racial groups. Intelligence of the child will reach a certain level without the use of the hand, but with it a still higher level is reached and the child who has used his hands invariably has a strong character. In the individuals development of hands we see the attempt in grasping and that grasping made as an intentional movement. †¢ 1st step Grasping prehension instinctive to conscious movements †¢ Six months Intentional movements †¢ 1st year Hands and feet exerting the maximum, Creating challenges, Imitation of characteristic movements, Making efforts to fit himself for life and independence There is nothing biological or physiological in this. Hands can perform an immense variety of movements. They are not predetermined but depend on the individual. Therefore there is every reason to believe that it has something to do with the development of the mind. Dr. Montessori would take it even to the soul or personality. The hand thus become instruments of learning and the variety in these movements depend on what activities they have opportunity to perform. Around the time the child is one-and-a-half years, the leg movement and the hand movement co-ordinate. For instance, carrying a heavy object. This is another milestone in development. Nature prompts the child to exert the maximum effort. Dr. Montessori talks at length of the study of history and ancient civilizations being made available to us only because of the work of hands which also reflects the mental height of those who created the masterpieces. Civilizationsartifacts, historical relics reveal that hands combined with the emotional lives reveal the quality of the lives of people. Hands seem to have followed the intelligence, the spirit and the emotions. Dr. Montessori says Childs intelligence can develop to certain level without the help of hands. But it raises to greater heights with hand work. The strength of character becomes conspicuously stronger. Dr. Montessori would exhort us about the misconception with regard to human movement, Educational theory thinks that people have to sit still for intellectual activity. Therefore educationists try to separate movement from thought. This even leads to alternating mental and physical activities in schools. Montessori refers to it as the coordinated work of the red and the white man as an intimate reciprocal relationship. The red man indicates the circulatory system and the white man refers to the neuro-muscular system. Maturation is a great factor in this development. The Senses gather knowledge for the intelligence and the intelligence together with the Will carries on the work with the help of the muscles. Separation of movement and thought is injurious to development. To consider strengthening the muscular capacity alone as a means of strengthening the physique can be detrimental. It would be like making a prince (muscular system) live like a slave to a shepherd(mere vegetative lifefor creating appetite or strengthening the lungs). It must become a contributory factor to mental development. Eventually it should lead to emotional and spiritual enrichment. Some thoughts about handedness: Handedness means predominant use of one hand. Two factors determine the handednessthe preference for one hand as compared to the other, the proficiency or skill with which the hand can be used. Studies of handedness has shown that at birth the child is ambidextrous Earlier it was believed that the child was born either right or left handed. It has been proved otherwise. During the first year of life the child uses both hands without any particular preference. In the second year usage of left and right is done shifting as the necessity occursfor instance the proximity or the angle in which an activity has to be performed. Between two-and-a-half and three-and-a-half years the child is ambidextrous using both hands with equal proficiency and frequency. The bilaterality is very marked at this stage. From the age of four to six years there is a preference to unilaterality or a predominant preference to using one or the other hand. Such preference can be observed in the speed, accuracy, strength and steadiness in the movements.

Middle Cerebral Artery Aneurysm Identification

Middle Cerebral Artery Aneurysm Identification Middle cerebral artery is a very common site for aneurysm formation. MCA aneurysms represent 18-40 of all intracranial aneurysms. MCAAS are commonly divided into three groups: proximal (M1As), bifurcation (MbifAs), or distal (MdistAs) aneurysms. Each group presents with distinct anatomic features that have an impact on their management. Assigning MCAAs into a particular group can sometimes be difficult since the length and caliber of the M1 segment often varies and there may be two or more major branching sites along its course. This has led to fallacies in sub-grouping of MCAAs with resultant high variability in the reported frequencies of the different subgroups: M1As (2 61%) and MbifAs (39 90%), of all MCAAs [2, 3, 5-8]. Preoperative identification of MCA aneurysm origin either at the main MCA bifurcation (Mbif) or at another branching point has a great implication on surgical planning as different groups of MCAAs pose different challenges to the neurosurgeon requiring different surgical strategies. In this report, we present our technique for accurate identification of the MCA main bifurcation from other branching points along MCA as a key for a more accurate classification of MCA aneurysms. Furthermore we suggest an extension to the classic MCA classification. Also, we present the distribution of 1309 MCA aneurysms as a part of the largest CTA anatomic study, so far, for MCA aneurysms. Our aim is to help recognize the branching pattern of MCA with special emphasis on the exact characterization of MCA main bifurcation. Patients and methods Patients and radiological data: Data were retrieved from a prospectively collected database that sequentially encompassed all patients with intracranial aneurysms admitted to the Department of Neurosurgery at Helsinki University Central Hospital (catchment area, 1.8 million people). We identified 1124 consecutive patients with MCA aneurysms diagnosed between 2000 and 2009. We excluded 115 patients from the study due to lack of adequate CTA (98 cases) or having non-saccular MCAAs (17 cases). The remaining 1009 patients with a total of 1309 saccular MCA aneurysms had adequate cerebral CTAs. The routine use of CTA (GE Lightspeed QX/i; GE Medical Systems, Milwaukee, WI) started in the year 2000 and has been the primary imaging modality for cerebral aneurysms at our institution ever since. CTA is rapid, safe, readily available and can provide 3D reconstruction of vessels and bony structures. Each patient`s radiological images were stored in the hospitals central digital archiving system (PACS; AGFA, IMPAX, version 4.5), launched in 1998, from which all of the relevant diagnostic images were recalled. Nomenclature: For each patient, pretreatment CTA images were evaluated and measured on screen (AGFA, IMPAX DS 3000). The MCA aneurysms were identified in each patient and classified according to the location of aneurysm neck in relation to the main MCA bifurcation (fig.6). MCA aneurysms were grouped into three groups: M1As, aneurysms on the main trunk (M1) of the MCA, between the bifurcation of internal carotid artery (ICA) and the main MCA bifurcation; MbifAs, aneurysms at the main MCA bifurcation; MdistAs, aneurysms distal to main MCA bifurcation on M2, M3 or M4 segments. Then M1As were sub-grouped into 2 groups: M1-ECBAs, aneurysms arising at the origin of early cortical branches; M1-LSAAs, aneurysms arising at the origin of Lenticulostriate arteries. The M1-ECBAs comprised aneurysms arising at the origin of early frontal branches (M1-EFBAs) and aneurysms arising at the origin of early temporal branches (M1-ETBAs). CTA for precise recognition of MCA main bifurcation For localization of Mbif, we simply examine the MCA branches in sagittal views of CTA at the insular level and detect the insular trunks from direction and course then follow these trunks till their essential meeting at the Mbif. This pilot examination must be correlated with examination of axial and coronal views for accurate confirmation. In some cases with difficult branching and looping patterns, 3D reconstruction is necessary. CTA for accurate classification of aneurysms along MCA: (figures 2-6) We examine the direction and course of the branches originating at the neck of the aneurysm in sagittal views to know whether these branches are cortical or insular. Correlation with axial and coronal views and sometimes 3D reconstructions is necessary. Then we check the relation of this branching point to the MCA main bifurcation (the primary meeting point of insular trunks) for correct sorting of the aneurysm. Results: Demographics: The mean age at diagnosis in our patient population was 54 years (range 13-89 y). The number of women 690 (68%) doubled that of men 319 (32%). Aneurysms were more common on the Rt. MCA 732 aneurysms (56%) than on the lt. MCA 577 aneurysms (44%). In 466 (46%) Patients, there were one or more additional aneurysms totaling 1761 aneurysms. Classification of MCA aneurysms: Table 1 shows the distribution of 1309 aneurysms along MCA. The number of aneurysms arising at the MCA main bifurcation (MbifAs) 829 (63%) doubled the total number of all aneurysms arising along M1 segment (M1As) 406 (31%). The distal MCA aneurysms (MdistAs) were the least frequent group only 74 (6%). Around three quarters (77%) of ruptured MCA aneurysms and 57% of unruptured MCA aneurysms were located at the MCA bifurcation. Types of M1As: Aneurysms arising along the main trunk of MCA (M1As) were grouped into 2 groups according the nature of the branches taking off at the base of the aneurysms. Among the 406 M1As, 242 (60%) aneurysms arose at the origin of early cortical branches from M1 segment (M1-ECBAs) while the remaining 164 (40%) M1As were not associated with early cortical branches but LSAs (M1-LSAAs). The aneurysms at the origin of early cortical branches (M1-ECBAs) comprised 178 aneurysms at the origin early frontal branches (M1-EFBAs) and 64 aneurysms at the origin of early temporal branches (M1-ETBAs). Discussion: The high variability in the reported frequencies of different groups of MCA aneurysms (M1As, 2-61%; MbifAs, 39-90%)[2, 3, 5-8] could be attributed to falsies in classification of these aneurysms and / or obtaining such incidences from small statistically unreliable series. In a trial to resolve this issue in a large statistically reliable non-selected group of MCAAs, We performed a retrospective anatomical study of CTAs for consecutive 1009 patients with 1309 saccular MCAAs aneurysms. We tried to find and follow the objective characteristics of branching points along MCA to be more precise when classifying MCA aneurysms. In our previous MCA publications [1-4, 9]we have followed the classic classification of MCA aneurysms. Recognizing the importance and the deceptive appearance of the early cortical branches, we have added an extension to the traditional classification by subdividing M1 aneurysms into M1-ECBAs and M1-LSAAs. This proofed helpful to keep attention to this previously und erestimated group of aneurysms arising at the origin of early cortical branches (M1-ECBAs). Preoperative identification of MCA aneurysm origin either at the main bifurcation or at another branching point has an implication on surgical planning especially for ruptured MCAAs as different type of MCAAs poses different challenges to the neurosurgeon requiring different surgical strategy[1-3]. Also when selecting the recipient vessel for bypass surgery if indicated to compensate for an inevitable vascular compromise during securing the aneurysm. MCA is classically subdivided into 4 segments: the sphenoidal (M1) segment extending from ICA bifurcation to the main MCA bifurcation where insular trunks (M2) begins and course over the insula till the peri-insular sulci where the opercualar (M3) segments start and course till the lateral surface of the brain in the sylvian fissure then continue as parasylvian (M4) segments whose distal extensions are sometimes called the terminal (M5) segments [10-13]. Although Yasargil used the main MCA bifurcation as the demarcation point between M1 and M2 segments, Rhoton used the MCA genu at the limen insulae as the demarcation point between M1 and M2 segments, hence he had prebifuration M1 and post bifurcation M1[8, 14]. Aneurysms along MCA are classically divided into three groups: proximal (M1As), bifurcation (MbifAs), or distal (MdistAs) aneurysms. It is evident that the identification of the MCA main bifurcation is the key for accurate classification and grouping of these aneurysms. Although MCA anatomy has been widely described in standard anatomy, neuroradiology, and neurosurgery textbooks[8, 15-17], it is still not uncommon to mistaken the identification of the main MCA bifurcation from other branching points along the main trunk of MCA particularly those associated with a large-caliber cortical branch. This misconception led to wide range of the reported length of MCA main trunk (0 -30 mm) and large differences in the reported relative frequency of M1As (2 61%) and MbifAs (39 90%) between authers[2, 3, 5-8]. Accurate identification of the MCA main bifurcation: Crompton named the cortical branches arising from M1 segment proximal to MCA bifurcation as early branches. Yasargil and colleagues defined the origin of the large cortical branches arising proximal to the most lateral LSAs as (false early bifurcation) and declared that aneurysms arising at this region of M1 could be mistakenly diagnosed as MCA bifurcation aneurysms. They stressed the importance of the LSAs in defining the site of the main bifurcation as the main bifurcation is usually located distal to the origin of LSAs [8, 12, 13]. These early cortical branches are found in nearly 85 to 90% of hemispheres [14]. In the anatomical study for the early branches of MCA, Rhoton and colleagues found that the early branches arising on the proximal half of the main trunk of MCA resembled postbifurcation trunks of M1 in some aspects with possibility of being misinterpreted as postbifurcation trunks of the M1 leading to false localization of the main bifurcation. They could identify LSAs on M1 segment distal to the origin of these early branches. MCA main bifurcation was identified proximal to the genu in 82%, at the level of genu in 8%, and distal to the genu in 10% of hemispheres [14]. It is obvious that the exact identification of MCA main bifurcation is the key for correct sorting of aneurysms along the MCA. It is popular to subjectively accept a branching point close to MCA genu giving rise to the largest branches as the MCA main bifurcation. It is also not uncommon to feel more internal confidence when such a branching point holds an aneurysm to consider it as MCA main bifurcation. This might be correct in the majority of cases but unfortunately it would be misleading in some cases. The idea for identification of the main MCA bifurcation (Mbif) accurately is to find a constant criterion for Mbif which can be used as a hallmark for identification of Mbif from other branching points along the MCA with high certainity. Keeping into mind that Mbif might share some characteristics (like size of out-coming branches, location in relation to MCA genu and relation to LSAs) with other branching points along MCA preclude accepting any of these characteristics as a hallmark for Mbif. The fact that all insular trunks (M2s) authentically originate from one point that is the MCA main bifurcation, means that the primary meeting point of all insular trunks (M2s) can be considered as a hallmark for Mbif. So, simply by identifying the insular trunks and following them proximally till their original meeting into one point, the Mbif can be localized accurately and with certainty. Insular (M2) trunks cannot be identified by being the largest branches as early cortical branches are sometimes of the same caliber or even larger than the actual M2 trunks. M2 trunks run along the insula from the limen insula for a variable distance taking the superior and posterior directions. So by observing the direction and course of each of the branches originating from the MCA trunk in sagittal, coronal and axial CTA views, it will be easy to identify the insular trunks and to follow them proximally till their authentic meeting at the Mbif. In fewer words, considering that the main MCA bifurcation is not always distal to the origin of LSAs or always proximal or at the genu, but it always gives insular trunks (M2s) means that identification of the primary starting point of these insular trunks will guide to the main MCA bifurcation. These insular trunks should be recognized by their course over the insula for variable distance not by their size as some early cortical branches might be of similar or even larger size. Among all the aneurysms arising along MCA, those aneurysms arising from M1 segment at the origin of early cortical branches (ECB) are more likely to be misdiagnosed as a bifurcation aneurysm especially when the cortical branch is large and arises close to the MCA genu. The fact that early temporal branch becomes smaller as it arises closer to genu[14]means that it would not be common to misinterpret an aneurysm arising at the origin of an early temporal branch as a bifurcation aneurysm even if it is close to genu. There is no relation between the size of EFB and its distance from the genu. In angiograms, such large frontal branches look very similar to post bifurcation M2 trunks. This shows clearly how some aneurysms arising at the origin of large early frontal branches (EFB) could be, if enough attention was not paid, misclassified as MCA bifurcation aneurysm especially when close to the MCA genu. Ulm et al.[7] unexpectedly found, in their anatomical retrospective study of MCAAs with special emphasis on those aneurysms arising from M1 at the origin of early cortical branches, that M1As arising at the neck of EFB were more common than MbifAs and they claimed that many of EFB aneurysms were misclassified as early MbifAs reasoning why MbifAs were reported in previous pubilcations to be the most common location for MCAAs. This was contrary to our and general experience of Mbif being the most common location for MCAAs [1-5, 13, 18]. During this study, it was easy to sort some aneurysms along MCA, such as a small aneurysm at the origin of LSAs close to ICA bifurcation or a small aneurysm along M4 segment, precisely from the first look. Unfortunately, the biggest percentage of MCA aneurysms arose close to the MCA genu at some branching points which included early cortical branches, MCA main bifurcation and early furcation of M2 branches. This necessitated a lot of work to discriminate between these branches for precise sorting of MCA aneurysms. Moreover, some morphological characteristics of the aneurysms, such as large aneurysm size and complex projections, added to the difficulty for proper distinguishing of these branches. The task was more difficult for ruptured MCA aneurysms especially when associated with large ICH distorting the anatomy. On the other hand the availability of the 3D reconstructions, which made it possible to examine the aneurysms and MCA branches from different angles, together with the clas sic CTA views paved the way to accomplish our goal for sorting MCA aneurysms accurately with high degree of certainty. The present work shows, in harmony with our previous publications (table 3), that MCA bifurcation is the most common location for aneurysms along the MCA. The number of MbifAs 829 (63%) doubled the total number of all M1As 406 (31%) including those aneurysms arising at the origin of LSAs and those at the origin of ECBs. MCA bifurcation aneurysms comprised 77% of ruptured MCA aneurysms and 57% of unruptured MCA aneurysms. Among the 406 M1As, 178 (44%) aneurysms arose at the origin of early frontal branches (M1-EFBAs). The diameter of the associated early frontal branch was à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã‚ ¥ half the diameter of M1 in 106 (60%) cases. We assume that such aneurysms, without careful examination, might be misclassified as MbifAs especially when the associated large EFB is close to the genu of MCA. Early temporal branches were associated with 64 (16%) aneurysms (M1-ETBAs). The remaining 164 (40%) M1As were not associated with early cortical branches but with LSAs (M1-LSAAs). (Table 2) At the end of this study we realized that many M1 aneurysms arising at the origin of large early cortical branches especially EFB could be sometimes misclassified as MbifAs, but Mbif is still the most common location for aneurysms along MCA. We agree with Ulm et al [7] for the possibility to mistaken EFB aneurysms as bifurcation aneurysms if much care was not paid, but we assume that their surprising results of EFB being the most common location for MCAAs came from the small number of the cases included in their study. (Table 4) Conclusion: Careful objective analysis of MCA branching pattern from preoperative CTA is very important to understand patient-specific vascular anatomy which aids the surgeon to successfully exclude MCAAs from the circulation while preserving the surrounding vasculature. Although many M1 aneurysms arising at the origin of large early cortical branches especially EFB could have been misclassified as MbifAs in previous reports, Mbif is still the most common location for aneurysms along MCA. Figures legends: Fig. 1: Identification of MCA main bifurcation CTA images (A: sagittal, B: coronal C: axial D: 3D reconstruction) demonstrating an early cortical branch aneurysm (white arrow) arising at the origin of an early frontal branch (green arrow) proximal to the main MCA bifurcation (yellow arrow) which gives frontal (red arrow) and temporal (blue arrow) M2 trunks. The MCA main bifurcation (yellow arrow) is located at the genu. The accompanying diagrams (E, F G) display how to accurately identify the main MCA bifurcation from other branching points along MCA just by following the insular branches back towards their primary meeting at one point that is the MCA main bifurcation. We are used to start the check in sagittal views then to confirm by rechecking the axial and coronal CTA views. 3D reconstructions are sometimes needed. Fig. 2 CTA images (A: axial, B: coronal, C: sagittal the corresponding 3D reconstruction views (D, E F respectively) demonstrating an early cortical branch aneurysm (white arrows) arising at the origin of a large early frontal cortical branch (green arrow) just proximal to the right MCA genu. Such an aneurysm can be subjectively misclassified as an MCA bifurcation aneurysm especially in coronal views, but in sagittal and axial views, the frontal branch (green arrow) is seen running anteriorly and superiorly away from the insula. Also, the right MCA bifurcation (yellow arrow) is clearly seen distal to the genu giving frontal (red arrow) and temporal (blue arrow) insular trunks. Fig. 3 CTA images (A: axial, B: coronal, C: sagittal D: 3D reconstruction) demonstrating an aneurysm (white arrow) arising at the main MCA bifurcation (yellow arrow) which gives frontal (red arrow) and temporal (blue arrow) M2 trunks. Notice the frontal cortical branch (green arrow) arising from the frontal M2 trunk (red arrow). The MCA main bifurcation (yellow arrow) is located proximal to genu. Fig. 4 CTA images (A: axial, B: coronal C: sagittal) demonstrating an early cortical branch aneurysm (white arrow) arising at the origin of an early frontal branch (green arrow) proximal to the main MCA bifurcation (yellow arrow) which gives frontal (red arrow) and temporal (blue arrow) M2 trunks. The MCA main bifurcation (yellow arrow) is located proximal to genu. Fig. 5 CTA images (A: axial, B: coronal, C: sagittal D: 3D reconstruction) demonstrating an early cortical branch aneurysm (white arrow) arising at the origin of an early temporal branch (green arrow) proximal to the main MCA bifurcation (yellow arrow) which gives frontal (red arrow) and temporal (blue arrow) M2 trunks. The MCA main bifurcation (yellow arrow) is located at genu. Fig. 6 CTA images (A: axial, B: coronal C: sagittal) demonstrating a distal MCA aneurysm (white arrow) arising at the takeoff of a frontal cortical branch (green arrow) from the left frontal M2 trunk (red arrow) distal to the main MCA bifurcation (yellow arrow) which gives frontal (red arrow) and temporal (blue arrow) M2 trunks. The MCA main bifurcation (yellow arrow) is located proximal to genu.

Types of Network media

Types of Network media There is many media type. I will choose three type of media. They are The primary type of twisted pair cables The primary type of coaxial cables The primary type of fiber optic cables Network media is the actual path over which an electrical signal travels as it moves from one component to another. I want to explain the common types of network media, including twisted-pair cable, coaxial cable, fiber-optic cable. Twisted Pair Cable Twisted pair cable is can use for telephone communication and can cable ethernet networks. A pair of wires that can transmit data. When electronic signal through a wire, that create small magnetic field around a wire. When place two wire together, the magnetic fields are opposite of each other. So, two magnetic fields are disappear. They can distory any magnetic fields outside. There are two type of twisted pair cable, unshielded twisted pair (UTP)and shielded twisted pair (STP). UTP Cable UTP cable is used for various networks. This cable include eight copper wires covered by an insulating material. UTP cable canceling effective of electromagnetic interference (EMI) and radio frequency interference (RFI). UTP cable is install using the Registered jack (RJ 45) connector. The RJ-45 has eight wire connector. UTP cable is used to connect local-area network(LAN). Advantages of UTP cable UTP cable has many advantages. The cable size is small (approximately 0.43 cm) and easy to install. This cable price is less than other type of network cable. UTP has no wiring ducts as other network cable. It can be most important to consider when installation a network in a building. Disadvantages of UTP cable Twisted pair cable has also disadvantages. However, UTP cable is more avoid electrical noise and interference than other network cables. UTP cable transmit short signal than coaxial cable and fiber optic cable. Coaxial cable Coaxial cable is made of outer hollow conductor and inner wire made of two conducting element. The center of a cable is made of copper wire. Copper wire has surrounding by flexible insulation. Metallic foil is coted over the insulating called second layer. Second layer is reduce the amount of outside interference. Coaxial cable is support 10 to 100 mbps of transfer rate. Coaxial cable is little expensive than UTP cable. However, coaxial cable can cheaper in physical bus topology. Coaxial cable can cabled long distant than UTP cable. Twisted pair cable can run 100 meters(328 feets). Using coxial cable, distance is 500 meters(1640 feets). Fiber optic cable Fiber optic cable can carry more data in longer distance with light signal than electrinic signal carry coxial cable. Fiber optic cable can run 100km(60 miles) without amplifing the light signal. Fiber optical can be used medium for telecommunication and networking because it is more flexible than other cable. Light transmition through the fiber due to reflection within the material. Advantages of fiber optic cable Can run long distance in lower cost Can carry more data No sparks Cable weight is light Storng to electronic interference Disadvantages of fiber optic cable Disadvantages of fiber optic cable is cost and durability. That cable is more expensive the other cable. Network Topology Star Topology This topology is common type of topology used in home and office. At the star topology, central connection called hub which is computer hub or switch. The best advantages is something fault in cable, only one computer can get bad affected and not entire network. Advantages of star topology Star topology is simple in function and easy to manage In star topology, problems can be easily located and easy to troubleshoot The Star Topology is very simple in format so it is very easy to expand on the Star Topology. Star Topology Disadvantages In star topology, entire network is fully depend on hub or switch If there is many nodes, cable is long to connect and network can be slow down Mesh topology In mesh topology to complete, all the nodes are connected to each other. On the network throung hops, every node is connect to other nedes. Some nodes are connect to single hops and some nodes are connect with more than one hops. Mesh topology include the concept of route. Unlike other topology, message can send several path from source to destination.

Bonds Between Mother and Daughter :: essays research papers

Bond 2 Bonds Between Mother and Daughter   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Even before birth a mother and child share a special bond. This bond is like no other, for it is miracle to have a baby growing inside your body. The feelings that emerge with this miracle are too strong for words. After birth, the bond develops into a greater emotional and physical bond. The child will spend much of his or her time learning in the first years of life with the mother, who is usually the primary caregiver. Much of what the children learn from their mother will effect their whole life. Through the processes of social learning and modeling the child will learn his or her values, social roles, social identity and gender identity from their mother. Gender identity development is related to the emotional relationships that develop between children and their mothers (Chodorow).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  On global rating scales mothers indicated higher levels of warmth toward their infants if the infant was a girl (Sear, Maccoby, Levin). If this is truly the case, mothers are nurturing closer relationships and a greater sense of continuity with their daughters than with sons. Research by Benenson, Morash, and Petrakos (1998) provides evidence that girls are more emotionally involved with their mothers than boys. Over time, women maintain their connectedness with their mothers, whereas men’s maternal attachment decreases. (Calloni and Handal). Boy and Girls form different emotional relationships with their primary caregiver based on their gender ( Chodorow).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Surry (1985) found that the self is organized and developed within the contest of significant relationships. For women, these significant relationships seem to be with their mothers. Perhaps this is caused by the social role of women and men. Males and Bond 3 females act differently to the opposite sex because of the roles they are bound to by society. The stereotypes that are associated with maleness and femaleness in one’s culture is learned through a process called sex typing. Women talk about their feelings to one another and emotionally bond with other females. On the other hand, males are supposed to be strong and fearless, with no show of emotion or getting too personal with other males. Although we are very gradually moving away from the traditional gender stereotypes there is still much room for improvement.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A mother’s attitudes are significant predictors of the attitudes of their daughters (Acock and Bengston, 1978; Arditti, Godwin, and Scanzoni, 1991; Dalton 1980; Jennings and Niemi, 1982; Smith, 1983). Bonds Between Mother and Daughter :: essays research papers Bond 2 Bonds Between Mother and Daughter   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Even before birth a mother and child share a special bond. This bond is like no other, for it is miracle to have a baby growing inside your body. The feelings that emerge with this miracle are too strong for words. After birth, the bond develops into a greater emotional and physical bond. The child will spend much of his or her time learning in the first years of life with the mother, who is usually the primary caregiver. Much of what the children learn from their mother will effect their whole life. Through the processes of social learning and modeling the child will learn his or her values, social roles, social identity and gender identity from their mother. Gender identity development is related to the emotional relationships that develop between children and their mothers (Chodorow).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  On global rating scales mothers indicated higher levels of warmth toward their infants if the infant was a girl (Sear, Maccoby, Levin). If this is truly the case, mothers are nurturing closer relationships and a greater sense of continuity with their daughters than with sons. Research by Benenson, Morash, and Petrakos (1998) provides evidence that girls are more emotionally involved with their mothers than boys. Over time, women maintain their connectedness with their mothers, whereas men’s maternal attachment decreases. (Calloni and Handal). Boy and Girls form different emotional relationships with their primary caregiver based on their gender ( Chodorow).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Surry (1985) found that the self is organized and developed within the contest of significant relationships. For women, these significant relationships seem to be with their mothers. Perhaps this is caused by the social role of women and men. Males and Bond 3 females act differently to the opposite sex because of the roles they are bound to by society. The stereotypes that are associated with maleness and femaleness in one’s culture is learned through a process called sex typing. Women talk about their feelings to one another and emotionally bond with other females. On the other hand, males are supposed to be strong and fearless, with no show of emotion or getting too personal with other males. Although we are very gradually moving away from the traditional gender stereotypes there is still much room for improvement.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A mother’s attitudes are significant predictors of the attitudes of their daughters (Acock and Bengston, 1978; Arditti, Godwin, and Scanzoni, 1991; Dalton 1980; Jennings and Niemi, 1982; Smith, 1983).

Essay example --

In the analysis of environmental samples, advances in instrumentation have allowed laboratories to routinely report sample results into the parts per billion (ppb) range, but this is sometimes insufficient to meet project goals. This article will illustrate a technique that can be used to increase the sensitivity of the mass selective detector, and thereby lower the reporting limit of GC/MS methods such as EPA 8260 for VOCs, or EPA 8270 for SVOCs. The technique is called selected ion monitoring, or SIM, and is specific to the operation of the mass selective detector (MSD). Before describing the advantages and disadvantages of the SIM technique, a brief overview of the principles of operation of the MSD is in order. The MSD is a two-part instrument, comprised of a filter stage and a signal processing, or detection stage. Analytes that have been separated on the gas chromatograph (GC) enter the MSD and encounter a beam of electrons that ionize the analyte molecule into reproducible fragments, each having characteristic properties of mass and charge that allow them to be separated in the filter stage of the MSD. At any point in time, only fragments with the allowed mass to charge ratio (m/z) will pass through the filter and are counted in the detector stage of the MSD. In scan mode, the filter operates dynamically, sequentially scanning m/z ions between the upper and lower limits of m/z specified by the analyst. A full-range spectrum of several hundred m/z ions (specified as atomic mass units, or AMU) is typically scanned in this way. The filter cycles through the m/z range at radio frequencies (109 cycles per second), so each ion in the fragmentation pattern is counted billions of times. The sens itivity of the detector is directly ... ... quant ion. The analyst must be aware of this in order to avoid reporting false or inflated values. Another disadvantage is that the analyte list must be drastically reduced from the 50+ analytes typically reported in a GC/MS analysis. In SIM mode, the detector must be programmed to look for a specific m/z ion (the quant ion) at any particular point in time. Each unknown analyte that is separated on the GC and enters the MSD may potentially have a unique quant ion, so detector limitations come into play for any analyte list that has more than 15 to 20 analytes. Finally, the MSD detector operated in SIM mode is not capable of identifying unknowns or tentatively identified compounds (TICs). SIM analysis is a powerful tool, but one that must be used carefully. Please contact your project manager at Kiff Analytical if you would like further information on SIM analysis

Fruit and Calcium Phosphate Ca Essay

Washed, crushed livesnail or kuhol (eggs can also be used)place in a plastic container. Pestle orcrush materials Don’t use hands. Add thesame amount of molasses or Muscovadosugar. Mix sugar in ? container with fishingredients then remaining molasses. Prepare at night to prevent flies frombreeding. Apply directly to thesoil or to the ground, not to the leaves. Keep concoction from direct sunlight. Store in dry coolplace. Cover and keep in a cool place or shadedarea. Drain to extract liquid after 10 to 15days. Transfer liquid into a clean plasticbottles Wait till tiny bubbles disappearbefore sealing the cover before storing. Always leave about ? of bottle empty soIMO can breath. Calcium Phosphate Ca? P(animal bone) Induced flowering, prevent overgrowth. For older plants, it Increase calcium factor on roots and leaves. Calcium Phosphate (Ca? P) is the product which according to the plants’ lifecycle and can be fast? effective. Ca? P is applied when the plants are about to flower. Feed to animals during pregnancy or breeding timeat 200 times dilution. Spray when first flowers comes out. ex: tomato plant , cucumber, eggplant etc. Boil or broil 2 kilos ofanimal bones to separatemeat and fat untilremaining meat to thebone is charcoal blackscrape charred meat andlet it cool. Do not burnthe bone. Ratio 1:10 1 Place bone in a plasticcontainer and pour 5gallons of purecoconut or sugarcanevinegar. Cover for 30days. Filter and used. Keep air tightcontainer. 2 Calcium (eggshell and shells) Strengthen Flowers. Contributes to better utilization of carbohydrates and protein. It is also a major element in forming a cell membrane and enables smooth cell division make fruit hard and sweet. Spray CA on the leaves after the fruits has become large. They prevent overgrowth and get a sweet hard ruit. Add seawater, calcium phosphate or OHN for better taste and aroma of the fruits. It is applied when nitrogen is big. It is the most important ingredients for flowering. Wash and crushedeggshell and take theinside filament or film. Pan fry 2 kilos eggshelluntil brown, set aside andcool. Vinegar first thenpour slowly the eggshells. 1 Wait till the tiny bubbles disappear and stop. Use exact container. Cover and ferment for 20 days. Filter and use keep in airtight container..

Explore That Claim That a Consumer Society Is Always a Throw Away Society

Explore the claim that a consumer golf club is everlastingly a crap past smart set. There is no doubt that our surroundings is becoming to a greater extent polluted. An increment in the amount of snitch messiness p bent is angiotensin-converting enzyme of the main causes for this issue. For modelling, househ aniles in the UK throw out-of-door approximately 30 cardinal tonnes of frill a year. Our population is rising, wherefore the amount of goods required to meet peoples engages has development. Living standards maintain improved, as switch the qualities of products and the choice of them in that locationof, solely of which is facilitated by the increasing requires of a growing market.The sequent waste that this increase in population, subscribe to and consumerism acquires provokes the question is a consumer inn always a throw onward participation? Rising affluence is a name factor in todays increase in waste and frill. In todays rules of order the volume of people atomic number 18 adequate to leave the higher standards of living and more luxuriant situations. Take a television receiver for example in the 1950s televisions were regarded as a luxury. Those families that had a black and white television were regarded as sloshed or rich.However, thin to todays society and everybody has a television and they atomic number 18 today seen as a necessity rather than a luxury item regardless of a families on individuals financial capacity. As tumefy as the increase in households there has besides been an advance in engine room we be today seeing plasma, HD or 3D televisions as the luxury item to be had in households ( fashioning fond lives, P. 109, 2010). c only competent rising levels of affluence people atomic number 18 able to barter for more products and deputise them with new rather than paying for the old products to get fixed.In todays society it has become normal to throw away broken items much(prenom inal)(prenominal) as rinse machines, dishwashers, DVD players, televisions or microwaves rather than acquiring them repaired. A lot of electrical items such as these are cheaper to buy fool new than it is to pay for them to get repaired. Since the initiatory discussion section store opened in 1869, Bon Marche, fashion and array shopping was interchange to customers as a luxury, however department stores were able to incur products for the less wealthy clientele as rise.This was the beginning of mass produced items, which meant that the price was affordable for a wider track down of the population. Clothes and accessories were be produced with new engine room, which was able to produce these products a lot immediate than if they were handmake. Department stores were to a fault the central flower in the movement of people expressing their individualism and personal character identities. Department stores had soft it seducing customers into get what appeared to be luxu ry items produced at a low damage so a wider range of people were able to afford them (making social lives, P39, 2010).If we skip frontward a few years and control at todays exile society we see the same line I spoke about earlier, everything is presently mass-produced from outside the UK. Such products are exception totallyy cheap to buy and, unfortunately, this is an extremely influential point in the facilitation of a throwaway society. A lot of families that are fortunate enough to go on spend to a hot acres abroad will find themselves buying specific items only appropriate for the holiday and then disposing them afterward one or two wears delinquent to the low cost of the items.As well as throwing away clothe after holiday there are a large number of clothes impel away due to an increase in societys intimacy in fashion. Facilitated and accelerated by increased c everyplaceage by different media formats, demand for new fashion cycles from designers has emerged, for example, spring, summer, autumn, winter all cycles that would not involve existed at one point. Rather than people customising and adjusting clothes equal they would have done years ago, old, outmoded, clothes are thrown away to make way for newer, more fashionable, ones.Supermarkets produce one of the cheapest clothing sources in our country, they buy mass produced items from places such as India, Bangladesh and China. This is due to the cheap labour and material be that these countries generate. (making social lives, P87, 2010) Supermarkets are taking all all over our country. They have made themselves extremely companionable to all people, from all backgrounds and classes, with a big range of different products, all change at very low prices. not surprisingly then, supermarkets are responsible for a huge percentage of our countrys waste. Any forage that is out of meshing or past its shelf animateness date gets thrown way, any solid food that is not cosmetically per fect gets thrown away as well. This, in my opinion, is unnecessarily wasteful and instead of throwing it away could be employ in a more productive and resourceful way. As well as the amount of food supermarkets waste they produce a lot of rubbish through the packaging used to storage area the goods safe and fresh for consumers. It appears that every product you purchase is over packaged, it could be in a plastic tub, wrapped in plastic film, and surrounded by a cardboard advertising sleeve, this is again completely unnecessary waste ready to be thrown in the bin.Although we have been a throw away society over the last century, lately the media have made a conscious effort to increase societys awareness of what is discharge to happen to the environment if everybody carries on being as wasteful and blase as they have been in the past. There has been a lot more advertising to create awareness with regards to recycle and looking after the environment. As a homeowner these geezerhoo d we are expected to cycle as many items as possible and are asked by the government to separate them into categories to armed service the country be able to impel of the high volumes of rubbish produced.There has been a important rise in recycling and directly 27% of homeowners recycle as forrader they would have been just thrown theses items in the bin. (Making social lives, P118, 2010). As well as recycling food, we as a republic are now beginning to recycle our clothes. Certain good-will shops post asylum bags through peoples doors, inquire the owners of the household to fill them with friendless clothes that are then re-sold in charity shops at a lower price for people who are not as wealthy to purchase. Some clothes are also sent to other countries that may need emergency clothing.Supermarkets are also doing there bit for the environment they now produce bags for life which are designed to minimise the amount of plastic bags used and thrown away by customers. Super markets in some countries, such as Wales, have even begun charging for normal carrier bags, tantalising customers to make a one-off payment for a bag for life, save some money and help the environment all in one go. Supermarkets have also started distributing unsold food to homeless and broken people. Our rubbish can be granted value again in many ways, for example hand-me-down clothes, car iron heel sales or selling unwanted items on EBay.Currently there are a lot of charities that are aware of how much rubbish we waste as a society and are helping society to do something about it. An example of how they are doing this is that currently all un-wanted tents that are left hand at festivals are sent to countries that need emergency accommodation after congenital disasters or war. Another way of heavy(a) rubbish value is by transporting all our unwanted waste around the gentleman to places with lower wage costs, who in come separate it, clean it, and process it into somethin g running(a) again, for example using scrap atomic number 13 to make bottle tops and food cans.China are on board with recycling their rubbish into value items, they send their consumer goods over to England and take back our unwanted rubbish to be recycled in China (making social lives, P118, 2010). With the gentlemans gentlemans population increasing, consumer demand from food to electrical goods has increased likewise. Subsequently, society has evolved to adapt to this change in both(prenominal) positive and negative ways. Positively, cheaper, mass-produced foods provide us with a necessity.Negatively, advances in technology are not as key to our survival, for example the HD TV. The media, and an increase in the worlds general economic well-being, until recently have been partly to blame for the facilitation of societys wasteful access to life. Supermarkets have been beneficiaries not facilitators of the behavior of their consumer environment. However, the media have now tu rned full-circle and are promoting a more recyclable approach to life since we have learned the consequences of our wasteful tendencies.Therefore, I hope the argument that consumer societies are always throw-away societies is false. I think the pivotal point in a society becoming a throw away society is in their education of the damage such an approach can do to their planet in the long run. Word count1283 Bibliography Martin Wainwright. (2012). hundreds of tents. for sale hundreds of tents. Last accessed 21st march 2013. Hinchliffe,S (2009). Making social lives. Milton Keynes Latimer trend and company Ltd. 105-119. Staples, M (2009). Learning companion 2. Milton keynes Bell and Bain Ltd. 1-29.

Greek Stuff

THE ANCIENT classicS account ___Harrison Funk_________________________________ To complete this worksheet use the information prime on the following web mounte http//www. mythologyt separatelyer. com/ classicalIntro. html Grecian INTRO 1. At roughly what term period was the g r areen senesce of antediluvian patriarch Greece? 500 B. C. 2. Who was an quaint classic author of fables? Homer 3. Who was a Greek mathematician? Pythrogras 4. why should Americans study ancient Greece? We oew everything to ancient Greece. classic CITY-STATES 5. How is a city-state more than just a city? It had no desire to sexual union a larger country. 6.What term was non in use during the golden age of Greece? Why not? They did not rate greece so it was dotted with city-states 7. What is an agora? conference of the people/ town meeting THE breeding OF A Grecian GIRL 8. How were women loaded in ancient Greece? Treated with inadver cardinalce 9. What would happen if a family did not puddle a anthropoid heir? all in all wealth would go to the closest male relative 10. At what age did well-nigh girls get married? 14 11. What is a dowry? Money goods estate 12. What was the ending of every Greek wife? To divulge male heir 13. When was murder in all legal in ancient Greece?When soulfulness was caught in a affair with a married women. THE LIFE OF A classical BOY 14. What is a Greek truism slightly their newborn children? If its a son keep it and if its a girl break down it 15. What ceremony did boys go through earlier becoming men? They cut their sensory hair 16. Boys were sent to do what at the age of eighteen? Left for two days for military purposes. 17. What does the word gymnos call up? government agency wearing no clothes 18. How grand were men subject to the military sketch? Two years 19. What is a lyre? retell 20. What is rhetoric? Is persuasive speaking 21.What was the Greek word for one who participates in caper contests? 22. What was a sophist? 2 3. What was the to the highest degree austere Greek sport? 24. What is the bible of the Greeks? 25. The lyceum was the ancient predecessor of what novel brass? 26. What were the two tools teachers used to teach development and writing? 27. When did education end for most boys? 28. Why were Greek men expect to keep their bodies in shape? GREEK RELIGION 29. According to the Greek moralistic code, what two crimes were capital offenses? 30. Explain how Greece did not have a strict religious code 31.Spotting what kind of bird during the day foretold death? 32. What could priests tell from an animals organs? 33. What does fortuitous mean? 34. What is a pantheon? 35. What is augury? 36. What usually gored after a Greek sacrifice? 37. Where did the Oracle of Delphi sit? 38. Which god or goddess was most recognize in capital of Greece? 39. Whom did kings consult to key their future? GREEK DEMOCRACY 40. How did citizens pick out sometimes vote in capital of Greece? 41. What groups were excluded from Athenian citizenship? 42. What emblem of democracy did capital of Greece have? GREEK OLYMPICS 43. When did the first Olympics occur? 4. What Olympic contest was held at the gallant hippodrome? 45. Were the Olympics the only games held in ancient Greece? 46. What was the Heraia? 47. What atomic number 18 the five sports in the pentathlon? SPARTA 48. How were the lives of dangerous women diametrical from the lives of Athenian women? 49. Sparta was one of the few societies to expose no _______. 50. Spartan boys started their training at what age? 51. Spartan boys were yearly flogged for what causal agency? 52. What did an apprenticeship of a young boy to an fourth-year boy accomplish? 53. How were Spartan boys taught larceny? 54.What did the Spartans do with their unwanted children? Toss them of a cliff 55. What story demonstrated the Spartan discipline? 56. What was a Spartan spousals night ritual? 57. What word is a synonym for gorge? 58. Sparta was compl etely apply to the art of what? HIPPOCRATES 59. Hippocrates is lots called 60. How many children died in ancient Greece before the age of ten? 61. What is leeching? 62. Write one line from the Hippocratic Oath ALEXANDER THE GREAT 63. How old was black lovage the Great when he became the magnate of Macedon? 64. What did black lovage spread around the dry land? 65.What empire did Alexander conquer? 66. What did Alexander the great die of? 67. Why was Alexander a successful conqueror? SOCRATES & PLATO 68. How was Socrates distinguishable from the sophists? 69. Who were the scientists of ancient Greek? 70. What does philosophy mean in Greek? 71. What poison did Socrates take up? 72. What is the Socratic Method? 73. What was Platos academy named for? 74. What was the charge brought against Socrates? HOMER, THE ILIAD & ODYSSEY 75. How was the dark age of Greece different from the golden age of Greece? 76. What are trinity rumors concerning Homer the poet? 77.What is an epic poe m? 78. What is the biz of the Odyssey? 79. What started the fifth column War? 80. When did the real Trojan War probably occur? 81. Which did the Greeks care better the Iliad or Odyssey? Why? HERODOTUS 82. Herodotus is often called 83. What wars did Herodotus write about? 84. What else did Herodotus write about? 85. What is western civilization? GREEK thraldom 86. Most Greek households had how many slaves? 87. What does tender mean? 88. What is the rack? 89. What were lawyers allowed to do to slaves in order to get information? 90. What were triple jobs a slave might retrieve? 91.Where did the Greeks obtain their slaves? DEATH & BURIAL 92. Greeks believed your olfactory sensation would never be at counterbalance if 93. What were two capital offenses in ancient Greece? 94. What is a garland? 95. What is a libation? GREEK WARFARE 96. How did one warship vote down another? 97. How did the rowers on a warship keep in time with each other? 98. Sparta was known for its infantry c apital of Greece was known for its ________. 99. What is a hoplite? 100. Where did Sparta and Athens chip King Xerxes march into Greece? 101. What is a phalanx? GREEK THEATER 102. How many spectators could be seated in the theatron? 03. What amplified the voices of Greek actors? 104. What are satyrs? 105. What does obscene mean in Greek? 106. What innovation did Sophocles create? 107. What is a chorus? 108. What is catharsis? 109. What theatrical innovation did the crookwright Aeschylus come up with? 110. What type of play is a crude parody? 111. What type of play tells the downfall of a overlord character? 112. Who was the patron god of the athletic field? 113. Whose opinion did the chorus represent in Greek plays? 114. Why are modern actors called thespians? 115. Which type of play made fun of daily life in Athens?